As we age, we learn the importance of taking good care of ourselves. But have you ever thought about the care our trees and shrubs need, especially during winter? Just like us, they too need some extra protection from the harsh conditions that the cold weather brings. Not to worry, though, because I’m here to guide you through the process of preparing your trees and shrubs for winter.

1. Start with Proper Watering

Before the ground freezes, it’s crucial to give your plants a deep watering. This is especially important for newer trees and shrubs that are still establishing roots. Aim to water them at least once a week in the weeks leading up to the first freeze. This will help them retain moisture during the cold months. Remember to apply mulch around the base of your plants to keep the soil from freezing too quickly. This will give the roots more time to absorb nutrients.

2. Prune with Caution

Pruning is an essential task, but it needs to be done carefully. Remove any dead or diseased branches, as they can become a burden during heavy snowfalls or ice storms. Pruning at the right time is also important – avoid heavy pruning just before winter, as it can stimulate new growth that may not survive the cold. Late winter or early spring, just before new growth begins, is the best time for pruning most trees and shrubs. Additionally, thinning out dense shrubs can help prevent snow buildup and reduce the risk of branches breaking under the weight.

3. Insulate with Mulch

Mulch plays a vital role in protecting plants during winter. Apply a layer of mulch about 2-4 inches thick around the base of the plant using organic materials like wood chips, shredded leaves, or straw. Keep the mulch a few inches away from the trunk to prevent rot and infestation. Mulch acts as an insulating blanket, keeping the soil temperature stable and protecting roots from freezing and thawing cycles.

4. Fertilize in Late Fall

Contrary to popular belief, fall fertilization can actually benefit your trees and shrubs. Use slow-release fertilizer to provide consistent nourishment during the winter months. Focus on phosphorus and potassium, which promote root growth and plant hardiness. Avoid high nitrogen levels, as they can encourage leaf growth that is susceptible to frost.

5. Protect Young Trees and Shrubs from Wildlife

Winter can attract wildlife that may damage your plants by chewing on the bark or branches. Use tree guards or protective wraps around the trunks of young trees, especially those with thin bark. This will help prevent animals like deer and rabbits from gnawing on them. Consider using animal repellents or physical barriers like wire mesh to protect your shrubs from hungry animals during the scarce winter months.

6. Shield Against Harsh Winds

Harsh winds can dry out evergreens, leading to unsightly brown leaves. To protect your plants, install burlap screens or windbreaks around particularly vulnerable ones. These screens should be placed a few feet away from the plant to allow airflow while reducing wind exposure. If possible, group plants closely together to create a natural windbreak.

7. Guard Against Salt Damage

Plants in areas where roads and sidewalks are salted are at risk of salt damage, which can cause root burn and leaf browning. If you live in such an area, consider planting salt-tolerant species. Alternatively, you can erect barriers or redirect drainage away from salted areas. Another option is to use alternatives to traditional rock salt, such as calcium magnesium acetate, when de-icing pathways. It’s safer for both plants and the environment.

8. Wrap Delicate Shrubs

Some shrubs, especially evergreens, can benefit from a little extra protection during winter. Wrap them loosely in burlap or frost blankets to help insulate them from the cold and protect them from heavy snowfall and ice. Avoid using plastic, as it can trap moisture and cause more harm than good.

9. Monitor and Maintain Throughout the Winter

Even after preparing your trees and shrubs, maintenance throughout the winter is crucial for their health. After heavy snowfalls or ice storms, check your plants for broken branches or damage. Trim any broken limbs to prevent further injury. For delicate shrubs and smaller trees, gently shake off heavy snow that could lead to breakage. Be sure to do this during warmer temperatures to avoid brittle branches.

10. Plan for Spring Recovery

While winter preparation is important, so is recovery in the spring. As temperatures warm up, inspect your trees and shrubs for winter damage. Prune any dead or damaged branches, fertilize again if necessary, and continue watering regularly as the soil thaws. Remember to be patient as plants recover and avoid rushing into heavy pruning or fertilizing too early, as it can stress the plant and delay recovery.

By following these steps, you can ensure the health and strength of your trees and shrubs throughout winter. When the warmer weather returns, they’ll be ready to flourish and bring beauty to your surroundings once again. So let’s get started and give our plants the care they deserve!